“首代说新法”之美国大自然保护协会篇

《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》实施已逾8个月，各地“捷报频传”。迄今，已有超过200家代表机构成功注册。本期“首代说新法”采访了美国大自然保护协会（TNC）的首代马晋红女士，与大家分享TNC在注册过程中和成功注册后的经验和思考。

TNC’s Story in China TNC在中国

What is TNC’s story in China? When and why did TNC come to China?How does its mission in China relate to the general mission of TNC?

TNC与中国有何渊源？TNC何时以及为什么来到中国？在中国的使命与其整体的使命如何关联？

The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a leading global conservation organization. Founded in 1951, TNC operates in 69 countries with its worldwide office in Arlington, Virginia. TNC has over 1,000,000 members and 3,700 employees, including 600+ scientists. TNC has helped protect more than 1,600 protected areas covering a total of 500,000 square kilometers of land, 8,000 kilometers of river sections, and more than 100 marine ecoregions worldwide.

大自然保护协会（TNC）是国际上最大的非营利性的自然环境保护组织之一，成立于1951年，总部位于美国弗吉尼亚阿灵顿市，项目遍及72个国家及地区，拥有100多万名会员、600余名科学家及3700多名员工。在全球，TNC管护着总面积超过50万平方公里的1600多个自然保护区，8000公里长的河流及100多个海洋生态区。

Since its establishment, TNC has been emphasizing a science-based field conservation approach. We use a non-confrontational, collaborative approach in working closely with governments, the business community and others to carry out conservation constructively while accounting for community livelihoods so that people and nature can live in harmony.

自创立以来，TNC形成了以科学为基础的保护工作方法，秉承 “非对抗”的工作方式，与政府相关部门、企业界等机构建设性地开展保护工作，并充分考虑改善当地社区的生计，力求人与自然的和谐相处。

TNC’s mission is to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. As one of the most biodiversity-rich countries on Earth, China is of great significance to the overall mission of TNC. In 1998, TNC was invited by the Chinese government to enter China to carry out conservation work, first implementing conservation projects in northwestern Yunnan in China, one of the global biodiversity hotspots.

TNC致力于在全球保护具有重要生态价值的陆地和水域。作为地球上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一，中国对于TNC的整体使命有着重大的意义。1998年，TNC应中国政府的邀请进入中国开展保护工作，首先在全球生物多样性热点地区之一的滇西北实施保护项目。

What are some of your proudest projects in China? What are some major milestones that TNC has achieved over the years in China?

TNC在中国最引以为豪的项目有哪些？在过去这些年中，TNC在中国取得了哪些里程碑式的成就？

After TNC entered China, we mainly carried out protection work in Yunnan in the early years. TNC worked with the Yunnan Provincial Government to develop the Conservation and Development Action Plan for Northwest Yunnan and explored a strategy to balance nature conservation and community development. TNC worked with local government agencies to develop a national park model, piloted on the ground in: Pudacuo, Shangri-la county; Meili Snow Mountain, Deqin county; and Laojun Mountain in Lijiang prefecture.

TNC进入中国后，早期主要在云南开展保护工作，与云南省政府共同编制了《滇西北保护与发展行动计划》，探索出一条平衡自然保护与社区发展的路径，TNC与地方政府合作探索国家公园模式，并在香格里拉普达措、梅里雪山和丽江老君山开展实践，推动成立中国第一批国家公园。

After nearly two decades of exploration in China, TNC has achieved remarkable results in areas such as lands, freshwater, climate change, oceans and cities.

经过在中国近二十年的探索，TNC在保护土地、淡水、气候变化、海洋和城市等多个领域取得了卓越成效：

保护地

Lands

In 2010, TNC cooperated with the Ministry of Environmental Protection to carry out the China Biodiversity Conservation Blueprint Project to identify 32 China's terrestrial biodiversity conservation prioritized areas, which were incorporated into the China National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030). In 2011, with the support of the Sichuan provincial government, TNC worked with partners to create China’s first non-governmental land trust reserve in Old Creek, Pingwu County, Sichuan, one of the giant pandas’ critical habitats and incubated a local NGO -- Old Creek Nature Conservation Center to be in charge of the daily management of this reserve. After the model was endorsed by the State Forestry Administration and the local government, it has been promoted in wider areas of Bayuelin of Leshan, Sichuan and Xihaicao of Heqing, Yunnan and other places. We will introduce and replicate this model to more areas in the future.

2010年，TNC与环保部合作开展中国生物多样性保护远景规划项目，识别出中国32个陆地生物多样性保护优先区，该结果被国务院纳入《中国生物多样性保护战略与行动计划》（2011-2030年）。2011年，在四川省政府支持下，TNC与合作伙伴在大熊猫的核心栖息地——四川省平武县老河沟创建了中国第一个民间自然保护地，并在当地孵化民办非企业“老河沟自然保护中心”作为该保护区的日常管理机构。该模式获得国家林业局以及地方政府认可后，已经在四川乐山的八月林、云南鹤庆的西草海等地得到了推广。我们今后将在更多的地区介绍和推广这一模式。

气候变化

Climate Change

In 2007, TNC first successfully developed and implemented a project that secured gold medal class certification by CCBA (Community, Climate & Biodiversity Alliance). Later TNC continued to implement several gold medal-certified projects in Sichuan, Yunnan and Inner Mongolia planting more than 25 million trees on 13,300 hectares. It is expected that those projects will help sequester 3.2 million metric tons of carbon (CO2e).

2007年，成功开发和实施了全球第一个气候、社区、生物多样性森林碳汇（CCB）金牌项目。随后，TNC在四川、云南和内蒙继续实施了多个CCB金牌认证造林碳汇项目，共造林20万亩，种植树木总数达到2500多万棵。预计这些项目未来将生成320万吨的碳汇量（二氧化碳当量）。

淡水

Fresh water

In 2011, TNC participated in and supported China Three Gorges Corporation to change the traditional operation mode of the dam. We initiate an e-flows demonstration project for restoring fish resources on the Yangtze. In 2012, TNC entered into a Letter of Intent for the Yangtze-Mississippi Green Partnership on behalf of the U.S. Department of State with Yangtze River Basin Fishery Resources Management Commission – the first NGO-led partnership ever formed under the China-US Green Partnership Framework. Last year, TNC issued the “China Urban Water Blueprint”, which assessed the water quality of the water sources that supply water to 30 cities and towns in the country, and proposed ecosystem conservation based approaches to conservation of China’s urban water sources, including the introduction of the ‘water fund’ concept. Recently, TNC innovatively created China’s first trust-based small water source protection program at the Longwu Reservoir in Yuhang District of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, thereby contributing to water source protection and drinking water safety in China.

2011年，TNC参与并支持三峡总公司改变大坝传统调度运行方式，启动为恢复长江鱼类资源释放生态流量的三峡大坝运行管理示范。2012年，TNC代表美国国务院与长江渔业资源管理委员会签署了一份“长江—密西西比河绿色合作伙伴意向书”。这是第一个中美绿色合作伙伴关系框架内由非政府组织主导的合作伙伴关系。去年，TNC发布了《中国城市水蓝图》报告，对中国30个大中型城市水源地的水质情况进行了分析，并提出以“生态治水”方法作为保护中国城市水源地生态的基本策略，包括将“水基金”的概念引入中国。最近，TNC在浙江余杭龙坞以及淳安千岛湖开展“水基金”项目，以机制创新的方式，为中国水源地的保护和饮水安全贡献力量。

海洋

Oceans

In 2016, China launched the ocean initiative formally. The ocean initiative’s five-year plan is: to introduce and demonstrate typical coastal habitat restoration techniques and develop restoration toolbox; to promote the establishment of a coastal habitat restoration center, to mobilize social resources to participate in coastal habitat restoration, to promote the use of nature infrastructure as the government’s preferred solution for reducing natural disasters and recovering coastal ecosystem services.

2016年，TNC正式启动中国的海洋保护项目，未来5年的目标是：通过引进、示范具有代表性的海岸栖息地的修复技术并开发工具包，推动建立中国海岸带生态修复中心，动员社会力量参与海岸带生态修复，推动政府将蓝色基础设施作为恢复海岸带生态功能及减灾防灾的主要手段。

城市

Cities

Launched in 2016, the city initiative will seek to deliver policy recommendations on and demonstrate how world class sponge cities can be developed through our first pilot City of Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, for which an agreement for cooperation has been signed.

2016年，TNC启动中国城市项目，旨在为在中国创建世界级海绵城市提供政策建议并通过我们在广东省深圳市实施的第一个试点项目进行示范；TNC现已与深圳市政府签署合作协议。

Through field conservancy work in China for nearly two decades, TNC has successfully transplanted our successful project and management experience in other countries and regions to China, and has accumulated a lot of valuable field experience of protecting China's unique cultural and ecological environment. We have successfully integrated various social resources and summarized a set of ecological environment governance model suitable for China.

通过在中国近二十年的实地保护工作，TNC已成功将在其他国家和地区的项目与管理经验移植到了中国，积累了大量在中国特殊的人文和生态环境下开展保护工作的实地经验，并且成功地将各种社会资源整合，总结出一套适合中国的生态环境治理模式。

In China, eco-environmental protection is still a relatively new field. China currently has more than 2,700 nature reserves of different types and different levels, but many nature reserves still need to learn from foreign experience and lessons in terms of managing and planning for the protected areas. During our conservational work, many domestic environmental charities, nature reserves and government departments that have cooperated with us have asked whether TNC can provide services to them in terms of internal control system design, protected area planning, project design, personnel training and technical training, etc. Also, companies have asked us whether we can provide consultancy service in designing energy-saving emission reduction schemes and provide other scientific guidance to implement corporate social responsibility programs.

在中国，生态环境保护还是相对而言比较新的一个领域。中国目前有2700多个不同类型、不同级别的自然保护区，但很多自然保护区在如何管理、规划等领域还需要借鉴国外的经验。在保护工作中，有不少合作过的国内环保慈善机构、自然保护区或者政府部门都询问是否可以聘请TNC为其提供制定内部管理制度、保护区规划，提供具体项目设计、人员培训、技术培训等；也曾有具有社会责任心的公司、企业询问TNC是否可以为其提供节能减排环保方案、提供科学指导等服务。

We believe that these services are of great value to our cause of environmental protection. If the relevant authorities allow us to charge a reasonable fee to cover the direct and indirect costs in providing such services, we are willing to share our international and domestic experience and scientific knowledge accumulated over the years to partners in China and mutually improve our ability to do good.

这些服务对中国的环保事业有很大价值，如果各有关机关允许收取合理的费用以承担为此投入的人力和物力成本，TNC也希望把自己在国际国内多年积累的经验和科学知识分享给境内的合作伙伴，共同发展提高。

Pre-ONGO Law

《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》颁布之前

What was TNC's legal status before the ONGO Law?

在《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》颁布之前，TNC的在中国的法律地位是什么样的？

In 1998, when TNC initially entered China, we operated in accordance with the Memorandum of Cooperation with the Yunnan Provincial People's Government on the Proposal on the Project of the National Parks in the Northwest Yunnan River Basin. At that time, we registered TNC Yunnan Office with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and our scope of operations were to carry out relevant non-profit activities based on the Yunnan government's memorandum.

1998年，TNC最初进入中国时依据的是与云南省人民政府签订的《关于<滇西北大河流域国家公园项目>建议的合作备忘录》，当时在国家工商总局注册登记了美国大自然保护云南办事处，业务范围为依据与云南政府的备忘录，开展相关非营利性活动。

In 2010, TNC Yunnan Office submitted its documents for record to Yunnan Provincial Civil Affairs Department according to the Interim Provisions on the Regulation of Overseas Non-Governmental Organizations in Yunnan Province. Thus, our Yunnan Office became a documented ONGO representative office in Yunnan and it carries out biodiversity conservation work under the guidance of Yunnan Forestry Department. In 2017, TNC registered The Nature Conservancy Beijing Representative Office with the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau according to the ONGO Law.

2010年，TNC云南办事处根据《云南省规范境外非政府组织活动暂行规定》在云南省民政厅备案，成为在滇境外非政府组织代表机构，在业务指导单位云南省林业厅的指导下开展生物多样性保护工作。2017年，TNC根据《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》在北京市公安局登记注册了大自然保护协会（美国）北京代表处。

How closely did you follow the development of the ONGO Law? Did you participate in the legislative drafting process?

你们是否曾紧密关注中国《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》的发展？你们是否曾就该法向有关部门提交过立法意见或建议？

Since May 2015, when the National People's Congress released the draft of the ONGO Law, we have spent a lot of time and energy to study relevant issues and have been actively engaged in discussions and coordination with our headquarters. We have not submitted any legislative suggestions to the authorities.

自从2015年5月全国人大在其网站发布了法律草案，我们就花费了大量的时间和精力来研究相关问题，也与总部就此进行了积极的讨论与协调。我们没有向有关部门提交过立法建议。

Registration Process 登记代表机构过程

How did you start preparing for your registration? How did you establish contact with relevant departments?

你们是如何开始准备登记的？是如何和有关部门建立联系的？

After an in-depth study of the ONGO Law, we realized that the biggest challenge for ONGOs to register representative offices in China was to find a suitable PSU and obtain their consent. Therefore, we have been constantly communicating with potential PSUs since the second half of 2016. Ever since 2004, TNC has formally established a partnership with the State Forestry Administration of China. We have had a history of cooperation for more than 10 years and we know each other very well. So the State Forestry Administration agreed to be our PSU quite naturally. We are very grateful to the State Forestry Administration for their support for our work.

在深入研究《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》后，我们意识到，境外非政府组织在中国登记设立代表机构的最大难点在于寻找到合适的业务主管单位并取得其同意，因此我们从2016年下半年就开始不断的与潜在的主管单位沟通。TNC自2004年起就与中国国家林业局正式建立了合作伙伴关系，双方有着十几年的合作历史，彼此都比较了解，所以国家林业局同意担任我们的业务主管单位。我们十分感激国家林业局对我们工作的支持。

After confirming the PSU, the process of registering the representative office was proceeding smoothly, and our registered area of activities is nationwide. We are quite impressed with the enthusiastic, professional and conscientious assistance from the officers at the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau. We would like to express our heartfelt gratitude on this platform of “Shan Jian” to the State Forestry Administration and the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau for their support and acknowledgement of our work in China.

在确定了业务主管单位以后，我们登记设立代表处的过程进行得非常顺利。我们在登记过程中也深切地感受到了北京市公安局境外非政府组织管理办公室各位警官热心、专业和尽职的态度。在这里，我们也想借此机会向国家林业局和北京市公安局表示衷心的感谢，感谢他们对TNC在中国活动的肯定和支持。

How did you communicate with your headquarters overseas and within your field office?

你们是如何与海外的总部，以及中国办公室内部的同事沟通的？

From the second half of 2016, TNC China Program has been notifying everyone at the monthly meetings of the executives and the quarterly meetings of the staff on the implementing progress of the ONGO Law, the compliance measures that TNC needs to take, as well as the progress of our registration.

从2016年下半年开始，TNC中国项目在高管的月会和全体员工的季会上都会及时向全体人员报告《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》的实施动态、TNC需要采取的合规行动以及登记的进展情况等。

Our headquarters has been following closely about the impact of the promulgation of the ONGO Law on TNC’s activities in China and conducted a lot of discussion and research. In the process of application for registration of our Beijing Representative Office, they have also offered great support, and actively cooperated in providing the required materials.

我们总部也一直很关心法律出台后可能对TNC在中国的活动产生的影响，并对此做了大量的讨论和研究。在申请登记设立北京代表处的期间，更是给予了中国项目极大的支持，积极配合提供了申请所需的各种材料。

Looking Forward 展望未来

What role would PSU play in your future work? What kind of help do you expect your PSU to provide for your work in the future? How is the communication with your PSU going?

设立代表机构以后，业务主管部门在你们今后的工作中具体扮演什么角色？在未来开展活动过程中，你们希望他们在哪些方面给予你们指导和帮助？目前你们与业务主管部门的沟通进展如何？

According to the ONGO Law, TNC Beijing Representative Office shall be subject to the dual management of our PSU (the State Forestry Administration) and the registration authority (the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau), especially at the end of each year, we need to submit to our PSU an annual plan for our activities in the following year. We shall also submit the annual plan to the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau following approval by the State Forestry Administration.

根据中国《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》，TNC北京代表处应当受业务主管单位（国家林业局）和登记管理机关（北京市公安局）的双重管理，特别是每年年底都应当将下一年拟在中国境内开展的所有活动做成年度活动计划报请国家林业局批准，在国家林业局同意后，再报请北京市公安局备案。

We will strictly comply with the requirements of the law. For all activities to be carried out in China by TNC, we will seek approval by the State Forestry Administration and file the record with the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau in advance according to the requirements aforementioned. If due to any special circumstances we need to make adjustments to our plan, we will promptly consult the State Forestry Administration and the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau and carry out the activities only after such adjustments have been approved.

我们将严格遵循法律的要求，对于所有TNC拟在中国境内开展的活动都按时提前提交国家林业局批准并报北京市公安局备案，以确保他们能够对我们在中国境内的活动进行有效的监督和管理；如果在特殊情况下确实对活动计划做小幅度调整，我们也会及时请示国家林业局和北京市公安机关的意见，经过两家主管部门同意后，再行开展。

As for matters that are not clearly specified in the ONGO Law, we will also consult the State Forestry Administration and the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau in advance to ensure that our activities in China are in compliance with Chinese legal requirements.

对于《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》中没有明文规定的事项，我们也会事先请示国家林业局和北京市公安局的意见，以确保我们在中国境内的活动符合中国法律要求。

Do you face any challenges in your future work? What issue areas do you expect the relevant departments to provide detailed and clear guidance on?

是否有在哪些方面遇到障碍或者不清楚的地方？你们遇到障碍的原因是什么？你们希望有关部门今后能够在哪些领域能够提供更细致、清晰的指导？

It has only been a short period of time since the ONGOs took effect and we’ve encountered some practical problems. For example, like I mentioned earlier, many Chinese environmental NGOs, nature reserves and governments would like to seek field conservation planning consultancy and scientific guidance from TNC, and even Chinese enterprises would like to hire TNC to prepare emission reduction plans. We are ready to share our experience and expertise and we want to know whether charging reasonable fees for such professional service and consultancy (provided by us within our RO’s registered scope of business) to cover the direct and indirect costs incurred by us would count as “other funds legally acquired in the mainland of China” stipulated in the ONGO law.

《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》生效的时间不长，我们在实践过程也确实遇到了一些疑惑。譬如说，不少国内环保慈善组织、自然保护区管理机构以及政府部门希望可以请TNC为其制定保护区规划、提供科学指导等，甚至国内企业也希望TNC为其制订节能减排的方案。TNC也愿意分享自己的经验和知识，并且我们也希望知道，如果我们在代表处登记注册的业务范围之内就此类专业服务收取合理费用以支持我们投入的人力和物力成本，是否属于《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》中关于其他合法资金来源的一种。

When the representative office conducts various projects, it will accordingly need to sign contracts with various contracting partners. We are not sure in what name the representative office should sign its contracts and how it could issue relevant invoices to its contracting partners.

代表机构开展项目，会涉及与不同合作方签订协议。以总部的名义还是代表机构的名义签订协议，如何为对方提供相应票据的问题。

What hopes do you have for the future in terms of ONGO Law implementation? Do you have any suggestions for the ONGO Law implementing authorities?

对未来《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》的实施，你有什么期待？对于实施这一法律的政府部门，你有什么建议？

The public benefit sector is an essential part for a society with a sound social security system. It is even more so for China, which is undergoing critical social changes and economic transformation. A healthy and vigorous public benefit sector not only balances efficiency and fairness, promote social stability, nurture civil society, but also has extraordinary significance for the construction of a socialist harmonious society.

公益事业是一个健全的社会保障体系的必要组成部分。对于正处于关键转型期、社会利益格局正发生剧烈变化的中国来说更是如此。健康、蓬勃发展的公益事业不仅能够有效兼顾效率与公平、促进社会稳定、构建公民社会，而且对于构建社会主义和谐社会更是具有非同寻常的意义。

Many ONGOs working in China are renowned internationally. Over the years, they have acquired rich and advanced project and management experience through conducting nonprofit activities around the world. They also value and have enthusiasm for public benefic undertakings in China. Since the implementation of the ONGO Law, the Chinese government has expressed an open and welcome attitude towards ONGOs' activities in China. We have heard that as of now more than 200 ONGOs have successfully registered their representative offices at different levels of public security departments. It is foreseeable that in the near future, there will be more ONGOs obtaining legal status in China.

很多在华活动的境外非政府组织在国际上都享誉盛名，多年来通过在世界各地的公益活动积累了大量先进、丰富的项目和管理经验，对中国公益事业的发展也是高度重视。《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》实施以来，中国政府也对境外非政府组织来华活动展示了开明、欢迎的态度。据悉，截至目前已陆续有200多家境外非政府组织在各级公安部门顺利登记设立了代表机构。可以预见在未来，会有更多的境外非政府组织在中国获得合法身份。

Certainly, registering representative offices according to the law is only a premise for conducting nonprofit activities in China in the long term. After registration, how the representative offices of ONGO shall carry out activities in accordance with the law and how relevant government departments oversee and supervise such activities of ONGOs will directly determine the effects of the implementation of the ONGO Law and whether ONGOs can healthily survive in China and contribute to the development China’s public benefit undertakings.

合法登记设立代表机构只是境外非政府组织在中国境内长期开展活动的前提，有了合法身份后，境外非政府组织代表处应如何按照法律规定开展活动、有关部门将如何对此进行管理亦是《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》贯彻落实的后续问题，更将直接决定境外非政府组织能否在中国健康生存并为中国公益事业的发展壮大贡献力量。

If these registered ONGOs can survive and develop in China, not only will China's public benefit undertakings be greatly promoted, but also the increase and development of domestic charitable organizations will be greatly enhanced. It is important to know that due to the human resources and legal status limitations, most ONGOs tend to cooperate with domestic charitable organizations in the implementation of many specific projects in China. Such cooperation is a very valuable opportunity for both sides to learn from each other. In the past two decades of environment protection work, TNC has nurtured and incubated many domestic charitable organizations.

如果这些已经登记的境外非政府组织的代表机构能够在中国生存并发展下去的，不仅将对中国的公益事业有极大的推动作用，而且对中国境内的慈善组织的进一步发展壮大也将是极大的助力。由于人力、身份等因素，大多境外非政府组织代表处在中国很多具体项目的执行上势必需要与境内的慈善组织开展合作。这样的合作对双方而言都是非常宝贵的学习和借鉴的机会。TNC在过去二十年的保护工作中，就培育、孵化了不少境内公益组织。

Therefore, we hope that legislative and administrative authorities can answer the questions we raised above soon and make clear the activities that ONGOs are allowed to carry out so that we can conduct activities in China strictly according to the provisions of Chinese law and make our contributions to the development of the public benefit sector of China.

因此，我们希望法律和监管部门能够早日对我们提到的几点疑惑作出解答，明确境外非政府组织代表处可以在中国境内进行的活动，以便我们能够严格按照中国法律的规定，在中国开展公益活动，为中国公益事业的发展壮大贡献出一份力量。

What did you learn during this process? What are some suggestions and tips you will have for the ONGO community? How do you think TNC’s experience can benefit other ONGOs?

在TNC在中国的注册过程中，你收获到了什么? 你对其他的境外非政府组织有什么建议或提示吗？你认为TNC的经验会给其他的境外非政府组织带来怎样的益处？

As an overseas NGO, we are obligated to comply with laws and regulations in any county where we conduct activities. The Overseas ONGO Law has only been effective for a short period of time while China’s Charity Law and its charitable sector are still in a key stage of reform and development. Therefore, it is understandable that we encounter some confusion and questions after registering our representative office.

作为境外非政府组织，在任何一个国家活动都必须遵守所在国的法律规定。《境外非政府组织境内活动管理法》生效的时间还不长，中国的慈善法和慈善行业也正处于探索和蓬勃发展的重要时期，境外非政府组织在中国成功登记设立代表处后，在未来相当长的一段时间内肯定会遇到不少疑惑和困难。

It is an inevitable process. For the confusion and questions that may occur, we think ONGOs should communicate with their PSUs and the public security departments in a timely and active manner, ask for their advice on the specific situation and adjust their activities accordingly. As for those activities that relevant authorities cannot give certain directions on for the time being, ONGOs shall refrain from doing them and wait patiently for further notice from the relevant authorities.

这是一个不可避免的过程。对于遇到的困难和疑惑，我们认为境外非政府组织代表处应当及时、积极地与业务主管单位和公安部门沟通、请示，并根据主管单位的意见开展、调整自己的活动；对于暂时确实无法得到明确指示的活动，应当不予开展，耐心等待有关机关的进一步通知。

According to our experience, our PSU as well as the Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau are both very helpful and active in answering our inquiries, and whenever they can, are always willing to offer us their guidance and help us solve our difficulties. We believe that with the joint efforts, ONGOs can legally and robustly thrive under the Chinese law and make sustained contribution to the development of China's public benefit undertakings together with their Chinese counterparts.

根据我们的经验，不论是我们的业务主管单位还是北京市公安局，在接待我们的咨询时都非常地热心、主动，对于能够回答的问题、能够帮助协调的困难都会及时地给予指导和帮助。相信在大家的共同努力下，境外非政府组织代表处可以在中国法律下合法、茁壮地成长，与中国的慈善机构一起为中国公益事业地发展持续做出贡献。

About the Chief Representative Joyce Ma

首席代表马晋红女士

Joyce Ma is the Chief Representative of the Nature Conservancy Beijing Representative Office, overseeing all operations and management of TNC in China.

马晋红女士是大自然保护协会北京代表处的首席代表，全面负责大自然保护协会在中国的运营和管理工作。

Prior to joining TNC, Ms. Ma worked as the Executive Vice President of Ericsson Northeast Asia and General Manager of China Unicom Business Unit, Human Resources Director of Ericsson Greater China, and President of Ericsson China Academy. She has acquired rich work and management experience.

在加入大自然保护协会之前，马晋红女士曾任爱立信东北亚区执行副总裁兼中国联通事业部总经理、爱立信大中华区的人力资源总监、爱立信中国学院院长等职务。积累了丰富的工作及管理经验。

After joining the Nature Conservancy, Ms. Ma introduced TNC’s experience of more than 60 years in protecting lands, fresh water, climate change, oceans and cities to China, and implemented projects in an innovative way to promote China's sustainable development process.

加入大自然保护协会以后，马晋红女士把大自然保护协会积累了60多年的在保护土地、淡水、气候变化、海洋及城市方面的经验引入到中国，并用创新的思维来实践，推动中国可持续发展进程。

She will lead a team of nearly 70 people to promote TNC’s projects in Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Shanghai, Zhejiang project in larger arears and spread TNC’s environment protection work to other provinces in China.

她将领导近70人的团队把大自然保护协会在云南、内蒙古、四川、上海、浙江的项目发扬光大，未来把保护足迹扩大到中国其他省区。